The Birth and Baptism of Melchior Chodkowski – 1771

Melchior Chodkowski, son of Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska, was born on 08 January 1771 in Mosaki-Rukle, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was baptized in the parish church in Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 10 January 1771.

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Melchior Chodkowski - 1771
The Birth and Baptismal Record of Melchior Chodkowski – 1771
SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), “Akta urodzeń 1755-1781. [Birth Records 1755-1781.],” page 204, entry 2, Melchior Chodkowski, 10 Jan 1771; filmed as Księgi metrykalne, 1657-1809; FHL INTL microfilm 1,496,578, Item 9.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Birth and Baptismal Record of Melchior Chodkowski. Translated from the Latin, the record reads:

     Mosaki-Rukle – 10 January Year
     2.          of the Lord 1771

     I, Wojciech Dłuzniewski, Canon Regular of the Lateran, baptized an infant with the name Melchior, born on the 8th [one word?] a son begotten of the lawfully married couple, the Nobles Adam Chotkowski and Julianna née Bieńkowska. The Godparents in the Sacred Font were A [one word?] Kazimierz Augustyn Gogolewski, Canon Regular of the Lateran, Secretary and Pastor, and the Noble Katarzyna Mosakowska.

Tomasz Chodkowski was my 3rd cousin 5X removed. The Godfather was a priest, as were the Godfathers of other Chodkowski children.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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How the Carnival of Genealogy Makes the World a Better Place in which to Live

Well, maybe the Carnival of Genealogy (COG) doesn’t make the whole world a better place in which to live, but I’d like to think it does. It certainly makes my world better. Let me give you a little history and tell you why.

I started this blog on Tuesday, April 18, 2006 at a time when genealogy blogs were few and far between. I searched and searched for genealogy blogs to include in my blogroll and found but a handful. Some of these earlier blogs had apparently not been updated in quite a while, and others touched on genealogical topics only rarely.

One rose among the thorns, however, was Creative Gene, written by Jasia. I found in her a kindred spirit, not only because she was writing a blog about genealogy, but also because she was Polish!  On June 29, 2006, less than three months after I started writing this blog, I wrote a post entitled “Top Ten Reasons to Suspect Jasia and I Were Separated at Birth” . To my delight, Jasia responded with a comment! And then Chris Dunham, author of The Genealogue, responded with a comment! Two of my genealogy blogging idols had left me comments, and all bloggers know how exciting it is to receive comments to your posts.

I remember reading about the Carnival of Genealogy on Jasia’s post dated June 2, 2006, where she described the concept of a blog carnival and, for the first few Carnivals, Jasia mostly hunted down relevant posts herself. The first actual blogger to submit an article to the Carnival of Genealogy was named Joe Kissel whose post really wasn’t related to the theme but, hey, in the days when it was hard to find genealogy blogs, you take what you can get!

The theme for the third Carnival of Genealogy was Immigration, and this theme really got my attention. Immigration is one of my favorite topics. And so, I wrote an article entitled “A New Look at Immigrant Passenger Manifests”and submitted the article to the carnival, hoping beyond hope that my article would be good enough for Jasia to consider including it in the Carnival of Genealogy .  I couldn’t have been more pleased when the Third Edition of the Carnival of Genealogy, published on July 2, 2006 included my article!

I didn’t submit another article until Edition 14, where I submitted “My Genealogy Christmas Wish List”, and by then the Carnival of Genealogy was really starting to take off. Eleven bloggers submitted articles to the Carnival of Genealogy, making this edition the first one that Jasia didn’t have to scour the net for relevant posts.

I became a fairly regular contributor after that, submitting articles for 43 of the 84 Carnivals of Genealogy.

But for me, personally, I found that the Carnival of Genealogy encouraged me to think outside my own comfort zone and post articles that I would not have otherwise written. The consequences of that encouragement have been surprising.

I turned my first Carnival submission “A New Look at Immigrant Passenger Manifests” into a lecture, one that has become one of my most popular genealogy lectures, and one that was subsequently featured in Episode 29, Episode 30, and Episode 31 of Lisa Louise Cooke’s “Family History: Genealogy Made Easy” podcasts.

My Carnival submission on “Ethics in Publishing Family Histories” drew comments from a number of genealogy luminaries and was subsequently picked up by a number of different genealogical societies and reprinted in their society newsletters.

My Carnival of Genealogy articles on “An October Day in Second Grade, 1962”, “The Vincentian Institute in Albany, New York”, and “Mrs. Katzman, Children’s Librarian” have turned out to be some of the most popular posts on my blog, drawing wildly enthusiastic comments and emails from other people who grew up in my hometown.

My Carnival article entitled “Can DNA Confirm my Ancestry?” generated emails from two people who, subsequently, had a genealogical DNA test performed and ended up confirming my Niedziałkowski ancestry.

Besides those, some of my favorite posts have included my Carnival posts on “My Galician Grandfather”, “Memories of Grandmother Danko”, and “Born at the Right Time”.

Add to these personal successes, I’ve met so many wonderful bloggers through the Carnival of Genealogy, because the Carnival was really the first real gathering place for genealogy bloggers and, in a sense, was the first social networking tool for genealogy bloggers.

Since the advent of my blog in 2006, the genealogy blogging community has grown substantially, but the foundation of the community will always be the Carnival of Genealogy.

Written for the Carnival of Genealogy.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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Acronymns, Abbreviations, and Contractions in Genealogical Documents Written in Latin

If a genealogist is lucky enough to be able to trace his/her ancestors back far enough in time, he/she is likely to encounter documents written in the Latin language – the language of the Roman Catholic Church. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth before the partitions in the last decades of the 18th century, church and court documents were frequently recorded in Latin and, in the Austrian Partition, the records were usually written in Latin even after the partitions.

There are several factors that make these records difficult to read, including the facts that:

  1. the priests or scribes who wrote the documents used Medieval Latin, not the Classical Latin usually taught in schools,
  2. the scribes who recorded the documents were not always fluent in Latin, and they sometimes misspelled words and made grammatical errors,
  3. the scribes sometimes used words and grammatical forms from their own native language, mixed in with Latin,
  4. the scribes frequently used abbreviations and contractions in the documents they wrote, and
  5. the scribes often included titles and postnomials while describing the people named in the documents and often abbreviated those titles and postnomials.

In my own research, the contractions, abbreviations, titles, and postnomials have often confounded my ability to transcribe and translate the documents I encounter.

The postnomial “C.R.L.” had me confused until I saw a document that wrote the term out in full as “Canonicus Regularis Lateranensis”, which I could translate as “Canon Regular of the Lateran” (an order of priests).

The abbreviations “N.” and “Nblius” seemed to me to be an abbreviation for “Nobilis”, meaning “Noble”, but the abbreviations “G.” and “Gnosis” had me stumped until I learned that these abbreviations stood for “Generosis”, again meaning “Noble”, albiet a Noble of higher status than one with only the title “Nobilis”.

Among the most difficult words to understand in Latin manuscripts are those that elide or suspend entire groups of letters within a word, such as the examples of Nblius and Gnosis shown above. Commonly, such contractions appear at the end of a word and they sometimes include a stroke to indicate that letters are missing.

When  encountering the abbreviation “c” with what appeared to be an apostrophe above the letter, one might suspect it to be a contraction of “cum” meaning “with”, and indeed that is the case. The abbreviation “conjug- legitt-” can also easily be transcribed as “conjugum legitimorum”, meaning “lawfully married”, if one has previously seen this term written out in full.

But, many other documents, court records in particular, include an abundance of abbreviations that may be a mystery to the casual reader of Latin documents, especially when one’s Latin vocabulary is limited.

Fortunately, a growing number of online books and websites address these issues of Latin contractions and abbreviations.

In particular, Lindsay’s book on Latin contractions (Lindsay, W. M. 1908. Contractions in early Latin miniscule mss. Oxford: J. Parker.) provides a wealth of information about Latin contractions and abbreviations. This book is out of copyright and available for download for free as a PDF file from the Internet Archive.

Wikipedia has a list of Latin abbreviations, with links to other Wikipedia pages on abbreviations, including a list of classical abbreviations and a list of ecclesiatical abbreviations. The Catholic Encyclopedia also has a list of ecclesiastical abbreviations and All-Acronymns.com includes a list of Latin Acronyms and Abbreviations.

Moving beyond acronyms, abbreviations, and contractions, the Polish Roots website has tips for translating Latin documents, and includes the Latin words to describe various classes of nobles and peasants, along with their Polish equivalents. Also included are lists of the months of the year, days of the week, and abbreviations.

Finally, the FamilySearch website includes a list of Latin Genealogical Word List, providing a concise online source of the most frequently encountered Latin terms in genealogical documents.

Latin documents may be difficult to read and interpret at the best of times, but with an increasing number of online resources, the translation of documents in Latin need not be an impossible task.

Written for the Carnival of Eastern European Genealogy.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Birth and Baptism of Tomasz Chodkowski – 1768

Tomasz Chodkowski, son of Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska, was born on about 20 December 1768 in Mosaki-Rukle, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was baptized in the parish church in Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 20 December 1768.

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Tomasz Chodkowski - 1768

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Tomasz Chodkowski - 1768

SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), “Akta urodzeń 1755-1781. [Birth Records 1755-1781.],” page 44, entry 48, Mikołaj Chodkowski, 14 Sep 1759; filmed as Księgi metrykalne, 1657-1809; FHL INTL microfilm 1,496,578, Item 9.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Birth and Baptismal Record of Tomasz Chodkowski. Translated from the Latin, the record reads:

79     Mosaki-Rukle – 20 December [1768]

I, Marius Ostaszewski, Canon Regular of the Lateran, Canon Ordinary of Krasne, baptized an infant with the name Tomasz, son of the legally married couple, the Nobles Adam and Julianna Chotkowski. The Godparents in the Sacred Font of Baptism were the greatly distinguished Andrzej Przedpełski, president of the Convent [one word?] of Krasne and the Noble Katarzyna Długołęcka.

Tomasz Chodkowski was my 3rd cousin 5X removed. The Godfather was a priest, the President of the Convent of [one word?]. The Godfather’s title is “Perillustri”, which I have translated as “greatly distinguished”.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Birth and Baptism of Franciszka Chodkowska – 1767

Franciszka Chodkowska, daughter of Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska, was born on about 14 April 1767 in Mosaki-Rukle, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. She was baptized in the parish church in Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 14 April 1767.

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Franciszka Chodkowska - 1767

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Franciszka Chodkowska - 1767

SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), “Akta urodzeń 1755-1781. [Birth Records 1755-1781.],” page 154, entry 31, Franciszka Chodkowska, 14 Apr 1767; filmed as Księgi metrykalne, 1657-1809; FHL INTL microfilm 1,496,578, Item 9.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Birth and Baptismal Record of Franciszka Chodkowska. Translated from the Latin, the record reads:

154     [Mosaki-] Rukle – 14 April [1767]

I, Mariusz Ostaszewski, Canon Regular of the Lateran, Canon Ordinary of Krasne, baptized a female child with the name Franciszka, daughter of the legally married couple, the Noble Adam and Julianna Chotkowski. The Godparents in the Sacred Font of Baptism were the Noble Agnieszka Żbikowska and the Noble Jakub Długołęki.

Franciszka Chodkowska was my 3rd cousin 5X removed.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Birth and Baptismal Record of Józefata Anna Chodkowski – 1763

Józefata Anna Chodkowska, daughter of Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska, was born on about 14 March 1763 in Mosaki-Rukle, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. She was baptized in the parish church in Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 14 March 1763.

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Józefata Anna Chodkowska - 1763

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Józefata Anna Chodkowska - 1763

SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), “Akta urodzeń 1755-1781. [Birth Records 1755-1781.],” page 89, entry 17, Józefata Anna Chodkowska, 14 Mar 1763; filmed as Księgi metrykalne, 1657-1809; FHL INTL microfilm 1,496,578, Item 9.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Birth and Baptismal Record of Józefata Anna Chodkowska. Translated from the Latin, the record reads:

     17 Mosaki-Rukle – 14 March [1763]
I, Stefan Mikowski, Canon Regular of the Lateran, pastor of Krasne, baptized an infant with the name Józefata Anna, [daughter of] the legally married couple, the Noble Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska. The Godparents in the Sacred Font were the Noble Antoni Mosakowski and [six words?].

Józefata Anna Chodkowska was my 3rd cousin 5X removed.

This record was difficult to read, especially the last part of the record that names the second Godparent. The name appears to include the words “Adalb Thoma Jacob” but also includes other words as well. I was able to find only one other record written by this priest, and so wasn’t able to compare the style of handwriting and the particular words used by this priest.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Birth and Baptism of Franciszka Chodkowska – 1761

Franciszka Chodkowska, daughter of Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska, was born on about 4 October 1761 in Mosaki-Rukle, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. She was baptized in the parish church in Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 4 October 1761.

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Franciszka Chodkowska - 1761

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Franciszka Chodkowska - 1761

SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), “Akta urodzeń 1755-1781. [Birth Records 1755-1781.],” page 71, entry 54, Franciszka Chodkowska, 04 Oct 1761; filmed as Księgi metrykalne, 1657-1809; FHL INTL microfilm 1,496,578, Item 9.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Birth and Baptismal Record of Franciszka Chodkowska. Translated from the Latin, the record reads:

54 . Â Â Â  Mosaki-Rukle

I, Jakub Pilchowski, Canon Regular of the Laterans, Promotor of the Most Holy Rosary, on the 4th day of October [1761] baptized a female child with the name Franciszka, daughter of the legally married couple the Noble Adam Chotkowski and Julianna née Bieńkowska his wife. The Godparents in the Sacred Font were the Noblewoman Marcianna Mosakowska and Michał Modzelewski.

Franciszka Chodkowska was my 3rd cousin 5X removed.

The first named Godparent, Marcianna Mosakowska, is described in this record as “Gnosa Domina” which is an abbreviation for the Latin phrase “Generosa Domina”. “Generosa” can be translated as “Noble” and “Domina” may be translated as “Lady”. Thus, I have translated the phrase “Generosa Domina” as “Noblewoman”.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Birth and Baptismal Record of Mikołaj Chodkowski – 1759

Mikołaj Chodkowski, son of Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska, was born on about 14 September 1759 in Mosaki-Rukle, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was baptized in the parish church in Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 14 September 1759.

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Mikołaj Chodkowski - 1759

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Mikołaj Chodkowski - 1759

SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Ciechanów Land, Mazovian Voivodeship, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), “Akta urodzeń 1755-1781. [Birth Records 1755-1781.],” page 44, entry 48, Mikołaj Chodkowski, 14 Sep 1759; filmed as Księgi metrykalne, 1657-1809; FHL INTL microfilm 1,496,578, Item 9.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Birth and Baptismal Record of Mikołaj Chodkowski. Translated from the Latin, the record reads:

48     Maskai-Rukle

I, Jakub Pilchowski, Canon Regular of the Laterans, on the 14th day of September [1759] baptized an infant with the name Mikołaj de Tolentino, son of the legally married couple, the Noble Adam Chotkowski and Julianna née Bieńkowska his wife. The Godparents in the Sacred Font were the Nobles Kazimierz Kamiński, Burgher of Ciechanów, and Anna Bieńkowska.

Mikołaj Chodkowski was my 3rd cousin 5X removed. Polish children of this era were generally given the names of saints and, to specify which Saint Nicholas the child was named after, the priest gave him the name “Nicholas of Tolentino”.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Death and Burial of Jacek Roch Chodkowski – 1838

Jacek Roch Chodkowski, son of Adam Chodkowski and Julianna Bieńkowska, died on 16 February 1838 in Mosaki-Rukle, Ciechanów Powiat, Płock Gubernia, Congress Kingdom of Poland. He was buried in the cemetery of the parish church in Krasne, Ciechanów Powiat, Płock Gubernia, Congress Kingdom of Poland on 16 February 1838.

The Death and Burial Record of Jacek Roch Chodkowkski - 1838

The Death and Burial Record of Jacek Roch Chodkowksi – 1838

SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Ciechanów Powiat, Płock Gubernia, Congress Kingdom of Poland), “Akta Ciwilne Zeyscia Gmina Krasinskiey 1838. [Civil Records of Deaths in the Krasne Gmina 1838.],” page 90, Jacek Chodkowski, 16 Feb 1838; filmed as Kopie księg metrykalnych, 1808-1892; FHL INTL microfilm 0,702,793.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Death and Burial Record of Jacek Roch Chodkowski. Translated from the Polish, the record reads:

17 Rukle. This happened in the village of Krasne on the fourth/sixteenth day of February in the year one-thousand eight-hundred thirty-eight at the hour of nine in the morning. There presented themselves Jakub Chotkowski forty years of age and Marian Obidzieński fifty years of age, both owners of a part and residing in [Mosaki-] Rukle, and they declared that on this day at the hour of two after midnight, Jacek Chotkowski died in the village of [Mosaki-] Rukle where he was residing with his son, leaving behind his widowed wife Ewa née Krzyżewska. After visual confirmation of the death of Chotkowski, this document was read to the declarants, the first of whom is the son of the deceased, who does not know how to write.
[signed] the Reverend Józef Bońkowski, Pastor of Krasne

Jacek Roch Chodkowski was my 3rd cousin 5X removed.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Death and Burial Record of Napoleon Chodkowski – 1810

Napoleon Chodkowski, son of Jacek Roch Chodkowski and Ewa Krzyżewska, died on 03 February 1810 in Mosaki-Rukle, Krasne Gmina, Przasnysz Powiat, Płock Department, Duchy of Warsaw, eleven days after his birth. He was buried in the cemetery of the parish church in Krasne, Krasne Gmina, Przasnysz Powiat, Płock Department, Duchy of Warsaw on 04 February 1810.

The Death and Burial Record of Napoleon Chodkowski - 1810

The Death and Burial Record of Napoleon Chodkowski - 1810

SOURCE: Parafia pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela (Krasne, Krasne Gmina, Przasnysz Powiat, Płock Department, Duchy of Warsaw), “Akta Ciwilne Urodzonych i Zeyscia Gmina Krasinskiey 1809. [Civil Records of Births and Deaths in the Krasne Gmina 1809.],” folio 45 verso, Napoleon Chodkowski, 04 Feb 1810; filmed as Kopie księg metrykalnych, 1808-1892; FHL INTL microfilm 0,702,791, Item 3.

Click on the image above to view a higher resolution image. Click on the link for a PDF copy of the Death and Burial Record of Napoleon Chodkowski. Translated from the Polish, the record reads:

Mosaki-Rukle.In the year one-thousand eight-hundred ten, on the fourth day of the month of February, before Us, the pastor of Krasne and Registrar of the Civil State, Krasne Gmina, Przasnysz Powiat, Płock Department, there appeared the well-born Jacek Chotkowski, father of the deceased child, and Józef Niedziałkowski, his neighbor, both owners of a part and residing in Mosaki-Rukle, and they declared to Us that on the third day of February of this same year, at the hour of three in the afternoon, Napoleon Chotkowski died, nine days old, of Noble status, son of the well-born Jacek and Ewa née Krzyżewska Chotkowski, residing in Mosaki-Rukle in the house under the number two. After which the present death record was read aloud and signed by Us, inasmuch as the declarants do not know how to write.
The Reverend Franciszek Sułkowski, pastor of Krasne, discharging the duties of the Civil Registrar.

Napoleon Chodkowski was my 4th cousin 4X removed. Although the death record states that he was nine days old at the time of his death, I calculate that he was actually 11 days old when he died.

Copyright © 2009 by Stephen J. Danko

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