The Marriage of Ludwik Niedziałkowski and Józefa Pomaska – 1861

My 2nd great grand uncle Ludwik Niedziałkowski married Józefa Pomaska on 21 April 1861. Ludwik was the brother of my 2nd great grandfather, Wojciech Niedziałkowski.

The Marriage Record of Ludwik Niedzialkowski and Jozefa Pomaska - 1861

The Marriage Record of Ludwik Niedziałkowski and Józefa Pomaska – 1861

SOURCE: Parafia Podwyższenia Św. Jana Chrzciciela (Szwelice, Maków Powiat,Łomża Gubernia, Congress Kingdom of Poland). Akta małżeństw 1826-1880, Lukwik Niedziałkowski and Józefa Pomaska marriage (1861); FHL microfilm 1958806.

Click on the link for a PDF Copy of the Marriage Record of Ludwik Niedziałkowski and Józefa Pomaska – 1861. Translated from the Polish, the record states:

86.
Pomaski Wielkie
7.

It happened in the ecclesiastical village of Szwelice on twenty first day of April in the year one thousand eight hundred sixty one at the hour of five in the afternoon – We make it known that in the presence of Franciszek Ruscienski, age thirty-seven, living in the baptismal parish of Maków, and Józef Nossarzewski age forty, living in Pomaski, both owners of a part [of the village], on this day a religious marriage was contracted between Ludwik Niedziałkowski, a twenty-seven year old bachelor born in Godacze Mossaki, Parish of Krasne, of the married couple Antoni and Karolina nee Milewski Niedziałkowski, living with his family in Godacze in the aforementioned parish – and Miss Józefa Pomaska, born in Pomaski Wielki of the married couple the deceased Dyonizy and the living Wiktoria née Nossarzewski Pomaski, age twenty-two, living in Pomaski – This wedding was preceded by three publications of the banns in the Parish Churches in Krasne and Szwelice on consecutive Sundays, that is, the seventh, fourteenth, and twenty-first days of April of this same year – The newlyweds stated that they had made no prenuptial agreements between them. This religious ceremony was performed by the Reverend Antoni Kołakowski, pastor of Szwelice. After reading this document aloud, it was signed only by Us because the people mentioned in this document cannot write.

A[ntoni] Ig[nacy] Kołakowski, Pastor of Szwelice
Maintaining the Public Register

This entry is one of the Niedziałkowski family records from the Szwelice parish that I have not yet translated and posted, even though I’ve had this record for several years.

Within the record, the priest mentioned that the Reverend Antoni Kołakowski, pastor of Szwelice, performed the marriage. The signature is not clear, but may be A Ig Kołakowski, indicating that his name is Antoni Ignacy Kołakowski. In previous records, I thought this signature was Ks Ig Kołakowski and interpreted it as Reverend Ignace Kołakowski. The additional information in this record suggests that my previous interpretation was incorrect.

The bride was Józefa Pomaski, a descendant of those for whom the village of Pomaski was named.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

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The Birth and Baptism of Pelagia Niedziałkowska – 1869

A daughter named Pelagia was born to my 2nd great grand uncle Ludwik Niedziałkowski and his wife Józefa Pomaska on 16 January 1869. Ludwik was, in turn, the brother of my 2nd great grandfather, Wojciech Niedziałkowski.

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Pelagia Niedzialkowska - 1869 (Polish)

The Birth and Baptismal Record of Pelagia Niedziałkowska – 1869

SOURCE: Parafia Podwyższenia Św. Jana Chrzciciela (Szwelice, Maków Powiat, Łomża Gubernia, Congress Kingdom of Poland). Akta urodzeń 1867-1889, Pelagia Niedziałkowski birth (1869); FHL microfilm 1958806.

Click on the link for a PDF Copy of the Birth Record of Pelagia Niedziałkowska – 1869. Translated from the Polish, the record states:

498
Głodki
Pomaski
4-

It happened in the ecclesiastical village of Szwelice on fifth [Julian Calendar] / seventeenth [Gregorian Calendar] day of January in the year one thousand eight hundred sixty nine at the hour of twelve o’clock in the afternoon .  Ludwik Niedziałkowski presented himself, thirty-six years of age, heir to a part [of the village], living in Pomaski, in the presence of Jan Pomaski, fifty years of age, and Marcin Mossakowski, fifty years of age, heirs to a part [of the village] living in Pomaski .  He showed Us a child of the female sex, declaring that she was born in Pomaski yesterday at the hour of ten o’clock in the evening, born of his wife Józefa née Pomaska, twenty-six years of age. At Holy Baptism performed this day by the Reverend Ignace Kołakowski, the child was given the name Pelagia and the Godparents were Wojciech Niedziałkowski and Ludwika Mossakowska. This document was read aloud to the declarants and witnesses and signed by Us alone because the declarants and witnesses cannot write.

Rev[erend] Ig[nacy] Kołakowski, Pastor of Szwelice
Maintaining the Public Register

This entry is one of the Niedziałkowski family records from the Szwelice parish that I have not yet translated and posted, even though I’ve had this record for several years.

The numbers above and below the name of the village indicate that the record is on page 98 and is the 4th baptism recorded in Szwelice for the year 1869.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

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For My Mother – Part 5: The Burial

My mother, Jane A. Niedzialkowski Danko, was buried on 19 April 1980 in St. Francis Shrine – A, Row D, Grave 8 at Our Lady of Angels Cemetery in Albany, New York.

Casket of Jane Ann Niedzialkowski Danko

Jane A. Danko Interment at Our Lady of Angels Cemetery

SOURCE: Jane A. Danko Interment at Our Lady of Angels Cemetery. Photographer Unknown. Photographed 19 April 1980.

Grave of Jane Ann Niedzialkowski Danko

Grave of Jane A. Danko, Our Lady of Angels Cemetery

SOURCE: Grave of Jane A. Danko. Photographed by Stephen J. Danko. Date of photograph unknown.

The stone reads:

DANKO

SORROW IS NOT FOREVER.
LOVE IS.

FRANCIS J . Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  JANE A.
1924-                           1922-1980

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

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For My Mother – Part 4: The Final Years

As my sisters and I grew older and more independent, my mother began to consider working outside the home. She attended classes to become a keypunch operator and was the first person in our family to work with computers. This was the 1970s and few people at that time had ever seen a computer, much less worked with them. As technology developed, my mother progressed to keytape and keydisk and excelled in her chosen profession.

Jane Niedzialkowski Danko at Work - 1972

Jane (Niedzialkowski) Danko at Work

SOURCE: Jane (Niedzialkowski) Danko at Work. Photographer unknown. Photographed 22 May 1972 at Albany County Social Services KeyPunch Department, Albany, New York.

On 14 March 1978, my mother’s father died. I was living in Oregon at the time, attending graduate school. I did not learn of my grandfather’s death until after his funeral.

In the Spring of 1980, in recognition of her excellent work and her ability to lead others, my mother was offered the position of supervisor of her department. At about this same time, my mother began feeling unwell. She had no particular symptoms, just a sense that something wasn’t quite right. At this time, I was still in Oregon and my younger sister had moved to Florida. Only my mother, my father, and my older sister still lived in the house at 43 South Allen Street.

On Easter Sunday, 06 April 1980, my father, mother, and older sister drove to Worcester to spend Easter with my mother’s mother, who was then 83 years old.

Barely a week later, on Tuesday 15 April 1980, my mother called in sick to work. Her general feeling of being unwell had progressed to the point of a real illness. My father called our family doctor (who still made house calls) and he prescribed antibiotics. A few hours later, purple blotches began to form on my mother’s skin as her capillaries began to burst. My father called an ambulance. As the EMTs were transporting her to the ambulance, my mother went into cardiac arrest. The EMTs were able to restart my mother’s heart and rushed her to St. Peter’s Hospital.

My sister called me in Oregon and told me to get home as soon as I could. I had no money for airfare, but the Chairman of my department at Oregon State University quickly arranged for an emergency loan from the Oregon State University Foundation, and so I made preparations to fly to Albany.

The doctors at the hospital diagnosed my mother with sepsis and attempted an experimental technique to reduce the level of toxins that had built up in her blood. Their efforts failed. My mother died at 10:50 PM on 16 April 1980. I arrived in Albany the next day.

The wake was held at Magin & Keegan Funeral home, across the street from the Church of St. Vincent de Paul where the funeral was to be held the next day. Because of the circumstances of my mother’s death and the fact that her skin was covered with purple blotches from where her capillaries had burst, the wake and funeral were closed casket affairs. When asked why the casket was closed, we simply told the mourners that my mother wanted it that way.

During the wake, a fire broke out in St. Vincent de Paul Church. We watched as the fire department arrived to save the church. Nonetheless, due to the extensive damage, the funeral could not be held there. Instead, the service was moved to the Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, the chapel in the Vincentian Institute High School (VIHS) from which my sisters and I had all graduated. Father John Mealey, the former principal of VIHS who had known my family during the time my sisters and I attended high school, celebrated the funeral mass.

We buried my mother with her diamond engagement ring, her wedding album, and a cat toy.

On 23 November 1980, seven months after my mother died, her own mother died of a broken heart.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

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For My Mother – Part 3: Fighting an Illness and Adopting a Cat

My father was offered a position as Training Station Manger for Mobil Oil Corporation and he began to work long hours. As part of his responsibilities he had to train employees, pump gas, repair cars, and keep the books. My mother finally convinced him to let her keep the books (for no pay), something she could do at home while my sisters and I were at school. Eventually, Mobil Oil Corporation offered her a salary for the work she had already been doing for years.

Steve Danko and Jane Niedzialkowski Danko - 1973

Steve Danko’s High School Graduation

Steve Danko and Jane (Niedzialkowski) Danko in the Living Room on South Allen Street, Albany, New York – June 1973

SOURCE: Steve Danko’s High School Graduation. Photographed by Francis J. Danko, June 1973.

As a bookkeeper, my mother excelled. She had an extraordinary sense of detail and precision, a sense that extended to her housekeeping. Growing up, I remember that the house was always clean and neat (with the possible exception of my bedroom, but that’s not my mother’s fault) and the yard was always manicured.

When I was in third grade, I awoke one morning to find that I was late for school. I rushed to tell my mother that I was late, and found that she wasn’t in the house. My Aunt Helen was there instead, and she told me that my mother had been rushed to the hospital during the night.

I learned that my mother had developed a bleeding ulcer and required a spleenectomy, duodectomy, and surgery to control the bleeding. After surgery, her stitches repeatedly broke and her doctors finally had to stitch her together with wire. My mother nearly lost her life, but she told my father that she couldn’t die and leave their children without a mother. My mother finally returned home in the spring of 1964, after spending three months in the hospital.

My parents would not allow us to have a pet other than goldfish and turtles. My mother said that she didn’t want to be the one to have to take care of a cat or dog (although, to be honest, she ended up being the one who took care of the goldfish and turtles, anyway). On one clear and sunny day, as my mother was hanging the laundry to dry on the clothesline that extended from the back porch and over the yard, a scrawny black cat jumped up on the porch railing and scared my mother half to death. The cat seemed friendly enough and my mother took pity on it for being so skinny and hungry, and so she fed it some tuna.

The cat decided to stay. We named him Smokey, for the reason that he seemed to respond to that name. My parents, though, were still insistent that our family would not have a cat. Without telling my sisters or me, they bundled the cat into the car, drove many miles away from our house and let the cat out of the car in Delmar, just outside of Albany. When my sisters and I arrived home from school and asked where the cat was, our parents told us that the cat had probably just decided to leave.

A few days later, while my mother was hanging the laundry, Smokey jumped up on the porch railing, begging for his dinner . With that, it was clear that Smokey had adopted my mother and was determined to work his way into her heart. He was to be the first in a long line of strays my mother took in, nursed back to health, and bought cat toys for them to play with.

My mother’s favorite cat game was to open the bottom drawer of her desk and say “Show me!” to the cat, whereupon the cat would come over to the drawer and begin pawing at a roll of adding machine tape she kept there. My mother would crumple a strip of adding machine tape in a ball and toss it across the room. The cat would chase the paper ball, grab it in its teeth, and bring it back to her.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

Posted in Dańko, Niedziałkowski | Tagged | 2 Comments

For My Mother – Part 2: Marriage and Raising Children

When the United States entered World War II, all three of my maternal uncles joined the war effort: my mother’s older brother Ray entered the US Coast Guard, her younger brother Fred entered the US Naval Armed Guard, and her youngest brother Henry entered the US Army. All three survived the war.

My grandfather obtained a position as a mechanic with Worcester Pressed Steel and my grandmother obtained employment cleaning rooms at the Bancroft Hotel. On 24 July 1943, with the incomes from their new positions, they were able to buy a house on Barnes Avenue in Worcester, the house in which they would spend the rest of their lives.

Frank Danko and Jane Niedzialkowski - 15 Feb 1947

Frank Danko and Jane Niedzialkowski – 15 Feb 1947

SOURCE: Frank Danko and Jane Niedzialkowski. Photographer unknown. Photographed 15 Feb 1947.

On 22 May 1947 (just a few months after the above photograph was taken) my mother married Frank Danko, himself a World War II veteran who served in the US Naval Armed Guard. My mother wore a white silk gown and carried a bouquet of calla lilies. All her life she treasured her engagement ring, a tiny diamond made to appear larger in an illusion setting.

A few years later, my parents moved to Albany, New York with the promises of better jobs and a better life.

Several of my father’s brothers and sisters had previously moved to Albany, and so my parents were not completely alone there. My father began to work for his brother John who owned a Mobil Service Station in Albany, and my mother obtained employment with The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company (A&P) where she worked as a shopper. She would visit local A&P Grocery Stores, buy a specified list of items, and verify that the correct prices were charged at the register.

My parents lived in apartments on New Scotland Avenue and on Russell Road. Eventually they moved to 783 Park Avenue, a two family home owned by my father’s brother John. My older sister was born when our family lived on Russell Road, and my younger sister and I were born when the family lived on Park Avenue.

By the time I was born, my mother no longer worked outside the house. Money was tight, although it never seemed that we were lacking for any necessities of life.

My older sister came down with the measles on 29 May 1959. I, too, caught the measles on 10 June 1959, and finally my younger sister developed symptoms on 12 June 1959. I remember clearly the day my mother diagnosed me. It was a warm June day and I watched as my cousins and the neighborhood children splashed around in a wading pool in our backyard. My cousin Mary saw me through the window in my bedroom and called to me to come outside. I told Mary that my mother wouldn’t let me go outside because I had the measles. I’m not sure cousin Mary believed me.

On 09 May 1961, my sisters and I were admitted to the hospital to have our tonsils and adenoids removed. I imagine this was the first time since our births that my parents ever spent a night without us. A few months later, my parents bought a flat at 43 South Allen Street, a few blocks from the house in which we had lived on Park Avenue.

On 07 November 1961, just months after we moved into the new house, my younger sister contracted the mumps. Neither my older sister nor I developed symptoms despite our close contact with our younger sibling. A month later, on 12 December 1961, I came down with Chicken Pox. My two sisters followed suit two weeks later, on Christmas Day. The fact that my mother kept impeccable records of our health history is the only reason I know the dates on which my sisters and I developed the measles, mumps, and chicken pox.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

Posted in Dańko, Niedziałkowski | Tagged | 5 Comments

For My Mother – Part 1: The Immigrants' Daughter

Today is my mother’s birthday. She was born on 06 October 1922 at home at 194 Prescott Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. She died on 16 April 1980 in St. Peter’s Hospital, Albany, New York at age 57. She would have been 85 years old today.

Niedzialkowskis at Sky Farm

Jane Niedzialkowski at Sky Farm

Back row on the far left: Henry Niedzialkowski; Back row on the far right: Jane Niedzialkowski (my mother) and Fred Niedzialkowski; Front row on the far left: Ray Niedzialkowski; Front row on the far right: Helen Chmielewski Niedzialkowski. SOURCE: Jane Niedzialkowski at Sky Farm. Photographer and date unknown.

My mother was born Jennie Niedzialkowski, the third of five children born to Polish immigrant parents Kostanty Niedzialkowski and Helen Chmielewski . She grew up on the corner of Prescott Street and North Street in Worcester, Massachusetts in a house parents had purchased in 1920 or 1921. In 1930, the house was worth $8000. The railroad tracks ran behind the house to the east and she could hear the trains as they passed. Across the street to the west lay the Worcester Rural Cemetery.

Close by to the northeast was the North Works of American Steel and Wire, one of the largest employers in Worcester at the time. Many of the workers filed past the house on Prescott Street when they left work for the day. To the southeast lay Institute Park and Salisbury Pond.

The first floor of the house was occupied by a grocery store operated by my mother’s parents. The family lived in a flat upstairs from the store and, when the store was busy, my grandfather would bang on the pipes to let my grandmother know that she was needed in the store. In 1930, a widow with two daughters lived in the uppermost flat and paid $19 per month in rent.

The neighborhood was populated by working-class families, many of them immigrants. Around the corner on Byron Street lived a French-Canadian family and an Irish family. On Prescott Street and the several side streets off Prescott (Brown Court, Moran Court, Redding Court, and others) lived Polish, Lithuanian, Irish, Finnish, and Swedish families . About half of the families in the neighborhood were formed from immigrant parents.

As a young girl, my mother spent time on Sky Farm Dairy, so named because it was located on top of a hill on Tuttle Road in Sterling, Massachusetts. The views from the farm were breathtaking, with views of Mount Wachusett, and on a clear day, views of the mountains in New Hampshire and Vermont. The farm was owned by my mother’s great uncle, Frank Niedzialkoski. My mother and her siblings sometimes spent their summers on the farm.

With the advent of the Great Depression in 1929, my mother’s family faced an unexpected crisis in the grocery store. Neighbors were out of work and couldn’t afford to pay for their groceries. My grandparents continued to sell groceries on credit, but many families couldn’t afford to pay their debts. Eventually, faced with growing debt themselves, the family was forced to close the grocery.

As a teenager, my mother changed her name to Jayne Nigel. She disliked the name Jennie, although her parents called her Jen all her life. She found a job and worked to help support her family during the hard times of the depression, using her earnings to buy food and soap.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

Posted in Chmielewski/Meleski, Dańko, Niedziałkowski | Tagged | 4 Comments

Catholic Marriages in Quebec – The Blue Drouin

The Drouin Institute microfilmed all vital records in Quebec up through about 1940 (later in some areas). The microfilms include records for all religious denominations and even include some places in Ontario, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and places in the United States where French Canadians lived.

In addition to microfilming the actual records, the Drouin Institute indexed the marriages by the groom’s name in one series and by the bride’s name in another series. These indexes are known as the Blue Drouin, so-called because early editions of the indexes were bound in blue covers . They are also known as Répertoire alphabétique des mariages des Canadiens français, 1760 aÌ€ 1935 or as La Masculine and La Feminine. The indexes were compiled in two groups, each covering a different time period. The first group covers the years 1760-1865 and the second group covers 1865-1935. In some cases, marriages missed in the 1760-1865 indexes are included in the 1865-1935 indexes.

The Blue Drouin is available in book format or on microfiche at many libraries, including the Family History Library, the New England Historic Genealogical Society, Bibliotheque Nationale du Quebec, La Maison de la Genealogie, Université Laval Bibliothí¨que, Library and Archives Canada, and the Connecticut State Library.

Sample Page from the Blue Drouin

Sample Page from the Blue Drouin

SOURCE: Institut généalogique Drouin. Répertoire alphabétique des mariages des Canadiens français, 1760 à 1935: ordre masculin. Longueuil: Institut généalogique Drouin, microfiche, series 1865-1935.

This page is from the 1865-1935 series of grooms’ names. In this series, I unexpectedly found the marriage for one couple I was researching, even though the marriage occurred in 1775.

Marriage of Aubin Gamache and Marie Sylvestre in the Blue Drouin

Marriage of Aubin Gamache and Marie Sylvestre in the Blue Drouin

SOURCE: Institut généalogique Drouin. Répertoire alphabétique des mariages des Canadiens français, 1760 à 1935: ordre masculin. Longueuil: Institut généalogique Drouin, microfiche, series 1865-1935, Aubin Gamache-Marie Morin.

The index shows the following information:

Number of Microfilm with Original Record: 3118

Name of Groom: Aubin Gamache
Name of Groom’s Father: Pierre Gamache
Name of Groom’s Mother: Marie Genevieve Belanger

Name of Bride: Marie Moren
Name of Bride’s Father: Eustache Sylvestre
Name of Bride’s Mother: Marie Genevieve Roussin

Place of Marriage: Cap St. Ignace
Date of Marriage: 13 Feb 1775

These indexes frequently abbreviate names, include all information in lower case, and employ frequent hyphenation. The surnames of the fathers are usually omitted, unless the surname is different from the participant.
The following abbreviations appear in this particular record:

  • pre = Pierre
  • m.= Marie
  • genev. = Genevieve
  • fev. = Fevrier = February
  • st = Saint

One feature of this index record that confuses me is that the bride’s name is listed as Marie Morin, while the baptismal records for her children listed her name as Marie Genevieve Sylvestre. The Sylvestre surname is confirmed by the name of the father in the index. Does this mean that Marie Genevieve was previously married to someone with the surname Morin?

I had intended to enter this article in the most recent Carnival of Genealogy but, due to computer problems, I was unable to access the images I’ve included here. The best-laid plans of mice and men…

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

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Sunday at PGSA – Haller's Polish Army in France

On Sunday at the Annual Conference of the Polish Genealogical Society of America, Paul Valasek discussed Haller’s Polish Army in France and how the records of Haller’s Army can be of use to family historians.

Paul Valasek at PGSA

Paul Valasek

SOURCE: Photograph of Paul Valasek. Photographed by Stephen J. Danko 30 Sep 2007.

The Polish Army in France, also known as Haller’s Army, was recruited from American and Canadian residents mainly of Polish ethnicity. This volunteer army fought in France at the end of World War I and continued to fight for Poland’s independence in the Polish-Soviet War of 1919-1921.

Recruitment centers were formed in Milwaukee, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Buffalo, Pittsburgh, Wilkes-Barre, New York, Boston, and Bridgeport starting in October 1917. Recruitment for the army for Polish independence continued until February 1919.

Because the US government opposed the training of a foreign army on US soil, recruits were trained at Butler’s Barracks at Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada. The first troop left for France in December 1917.

The commanding general of this force, Jozef Haller, was born in Galicia (Austrian-Poland) near Krakow. He served as a colonel in the Austrian Army in World War I and traveled through Russia to France.

As Europe’s borders were redrawn after World War I, Haller’s Army joined with former prisoners of war and Pilsudski’s Legions to establish Poland’s eastern borders with the Soviet Union.

At the end of the Polish-Soviet War, many members of Haller’s Army returned to North America to rejoin their families.

Paul Valasek has published a book on Haller’s Army, including much historical information and details of records generated by the army:

Valasek, Paul S. 2006. Haller’s Polish Army in France. [Naples, Fla.]: Whitehall Printing.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

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Sunday at PGSA – Polish Genealogy & The Family History Library

Orvill S. Paller, Collection Management Specialist for Poland at the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, presented a lecture on Polish Genealogy & The Family History Library. His discussion included:

  1. Identifying & Prioritizing Records
  2. Acquisitions in Poland
  3. Records at the Family History Library (FHL)
  4. Family Search Indexing
  5. Records Search

The process of finding and obtaining new records for the collection of the FHL involves a process of identifying records, visiting the archives, prioritizing records, and collaborating with the archives.

Collection management at the FHL:

  • Identifies and prioritizes records to be acquired, learning what types of records are available: church records, civil registration, census records, etc.
  • Identifies the time periods and locations the records encompass
  • Identify the archives that hold the records

Acquisitions in Poland began in May 1967 by the Genealogical Society of Utah (now referred to as FamilySearch). The content management specialist for Poland focuses exclusively on archives and repositories in Poland. The goal is the long term preservation of records through digital storage. Storage is in transition from microfilm to digital capture.

Current preservation efforts include records from Radom, Lublin, Czestochowa, and Opole. Only Opole records are being microfilmed. Records from the other areas are captured digitally. The initial focus has been on diocesan and archdiocesan archives.

Digital images are not yet available to the public.

Current negotiations are underway with both church archives and state archives in Poland for new acquisitions. As microfilmed records are converted to digital format in preparation for dissemination of those records via the Internet, existing contracts must be renegotiated. Earlier contracts did not include digital publication rights, and so all previous contracts must be renegotiated to enable the FHL to publish microfilmed records to the Internet.

Microfilmed records are maintained on master copies held at the Granite Mountain Records Vault near Salt Lake City. Over 2.7 million rolls of microfilm are currently housed at the Granite Mountain Records Vault. Copies of most of these films may be rented through local Family History Centers throughout the world, but a small part of the collection cannot be circulated outside of the FHL due to stipulations in the contracts with the owners of the original records.

Preparation is important when searching for records in the collection of the FHL:

  • Who is the immigrant ancestor?
  • In what Polish village was he or she born?
  • Where is this village located?
  • What religion did the ancestor practice?
  • Where is the parish for this village?

FHL catalog entries use specific gazetteers. A single village may be listed under more than one name, in more than one country, due to the changing borders of Poland. In Poland, villages are named according to the Spis. In Germany, places are named according to Meyer’s Ort. When conducting a place search in the FHL catalog, diacritical marks are not needed.

If the film notes for a particular microfilm states VAULT, the microfilm is not physically located at the FHL, but may be ordered in advance, before a visit to the FHL. Otherwise, the staff requires between one and three days to transfer VAULT films from the Granite Mountain Records Vault to the FHL.

When searching the FHL Catalog, be aware that errors may exist. One may obtain different results depending on how the catalog is searched. For example, a village that is currently in Poland but was previously in Germany may display two record sets under the listing for one country, but only one record set in the other country.

The current effort to bring microfilmed records to the Internet is enlisting volunteers to index the records. http://www.familysearchindexing.org allows volunteers to download free indexing software and then index the records of their choice. Two current indexing efforts are the 1900 US Census and the 1871 Census of Canada. The FHL currently has 30,000 volunteer indexers at work and hopes to enlist the efforts of 100,000 indexers by the end of the year.

Eventually the FHL intends to revamp the FamilySearch website and deliver images through that portal.

Copyright © 2007 by Stephen J. Danko

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