The Dictionary of Polish Place Names (Nazwy Miejscowe Polski) explains the origin of place names in Poland and details how the place name changed over time.
Volume III of Nazwy Miejscowe Polski lists one place called Czarnostów which belongs to the Szwelice parish.
Nazwy Miejscowe Polski indicates that Czarnostów was two villages in the Karniewo Gmina, Ciechanów Voivodeship in the years 1975-1998 and was located 8 kilometers southwest of Maków Mazowiecki. Mentions of the village include: Czarnostovo in about 1240 (forgery); Czarnostowo in 1328, Czarnosthowo in 1425, Czarnosthow in 1477, Czarnostowo in 1582, Czarnostow in 1783, Czarnostowo in 1827, Czarnostowo in 1880, Czarnostów, Czarnostów-Polesie in 1952, and Czarnostów, Czarnostów-Polesie, -towa -sia, czarnostowski, poleski in 1971.
The name Czarnostów is from the name of a settlement *Czarnost, with the suffix -owo, later -ów. For the name of the settlement, compare names of the type Ciechost, Jarost. In the 20th century there are two villages: Czarnostów and Czarnostów-Polesie; the second part of Czarnostów-Polesie comes from the word polesie, meaning ‘place near the forest’.
Source: Rymut, Kazimierz, ed., Nazwy Miejscowe Polski (Place Names of Poland) – Krakow 1997, Volume II, page 189.
Click the link for a PDF copy of the Nazwy Miejscowe Polski entry for Czarnostów. Translated from the Polish, the entry reads:
Czarnostów, today Czarnostów and Czarnostów-Polesie, two villages, Ciechanów voivodeship, Karniewo gmina, 8 kilometers southwest of Maków Mazowiecki: Czarnostovo about 1240 KkM no. 301, forgery; Czarnostowo 1328 KMaz II 449; Czarnosthowo 1425 MkM I no. 881; Czarnosthow 1477 SHGMz(Ep. 10, 170); Czarnostowo 1582 ŹDz XVI 392; Czarnostow 1783 MpPerMz; Czarnostowo 1827 Tabella I 82; Czarnostowo 1880 SG I 760; Czarnostów, Czarnostów-Polesie 1952 UW 14; Czarnostów, Czarnostów-Polesie, -towa -sia, czarnostowski, poleski 1971 UN 129, 48. – From the name of a settlement *Czarnost, with the suffix -owo, later -ów. For the name of the settlement, compare names of the type Ciechost, Jarost. In the 20th century, two villages: Czarnostów and Czarnostów-Polesie; the second part from polesie ‘place near the forest’. Lithuanian: ZMaz 143. Urszula Bijak
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