{"id":202,"date":"2006-06-01T18:26:28","date_gmt":"2006-06-02T01:26:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/2006\/06\/01\/the-homestead-act-of-1862\/"},"modified":"2016-10-16T18:03:06","modified_gmt":"2016-10-17T01:03:06","slug":"the-homestead-act-of-1862","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/202","title":{"rendered":"The Homestead Act of 1862"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A while ago, a friend asked me if I would look for the immigration records of his ancestor, Antoni Tarnowski .\u00a0 He knew a few details about Antoni, including the fact that he homesteaded in Minnesota.<\/p>\n<p>The Homestead Act was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln in 1862 .\u00a0 Under this Act, 10% of the land of the United States was conveyed to private citizens and settled .\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0Any head of household who was at least 21 years old could\u00c2\u00a0claim a 160 acre parcel .\u00a0 Homesteaders had to live on the land for five years, build a home, make improvements, and farm the land .\u00a0 After this period of time, the homesteader could Prove Up and receive a Land Patent.<\/p>\n<p>One source of Land Patents is the Bureau of Land Management &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.glorecords.blm.gov\">General Land Office Records<\/a> .\u00a0 There, I found the <a href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Tarnowski-Land-Patent.pdf\">Land Patent for Antoni Tarnowski<\/a> in Minnesota.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6684\" style=\"width: 401px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Tarnowski-Land-Patent1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6684\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6684 \" title=\"Land Patent of Antoni Tarnowski\" src=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Tarnowski-Land-Patent1-651x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Land Patent for Antoni Tarnowski\" width=\"391\" height=\"614\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6684\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Land Patent of Antoni Tarnowski<\/p><\/div>\n<p>This Land Patent shows that according to Homestead Certificate 1131, Application 1396, Antoni Tarnowski was granted the south half of the south-east quarter and the lots numbered three and four of section seventeen, in township fifty-two north,\u00a0of range fourteen west of the Fourth Principal Meridian in Minnesota, containing one hundred sixty-five acres and forty-five hundredths of an acre .\u00a0 The Land Patent was dated 15 January 1884 and includes the names Chester A. Arthur, Wm. H. Crook, and S. W. Clark.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, the Bureau of Land Management &#8211; General Land Office Records website summarizes the Land Patent as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Patentee:\u00a0Antoni Tarnowski<\/li>\n<li>State: Minnesota<\/li>\n<li>Acres:\u00a0165.45<\/li>\n<li>Metes\/Bounds: No<\/li>\n<li>Title Transfer Issue Date: 1\/15\/1884<\/li>\n<li>Land Office: Duluth<\/li>\n<li>Cancelled: No<\/li>\n<li>U. S. Reservations: No<\/li>\n<li>Mineral Reservations: No<\/li>\n<li>Authority: May 20, 1862: Homestead Entry Original (12 Stat. 392)<\/li>\n<li>Document Nr.: 1131<\/li>\n<li>Misc. Doc. Nr.: 1396<\/li>\n<li>Accession\/Serial Nr.: MN0870__.097<\/li>\n<li>BLM Serial Nr.: MN NO S\/N<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aliquot\u00c2\u00a0 Sec.\/\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 Fract.<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Parts\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 Block Township\u00c2\u00a0Range\u00c2\u00a0Section\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 Meridian\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0State\u00c2\u00a0Counties<br \/>\n<\/span>S1\/2SE 17\/\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 52-N\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 14-W\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 No\u00c2\u00a0 4th PM &#8211; 1831 MN\/WI\u00c2\u00a0MN\u00c2\u00a0St Louis<br \/>\n3\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 17\/\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 52-N\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 14-W\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 No\u00c2\u00a0 4th PM &#8211; 1831 MN\/WI\u00c2\u00a0MN\u00c2\u00a0St Louis<br \/>\n4\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 17\/\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 52-N\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 14-W\u00c2\u00a0\u00c2\u00a0 No\u00c2\u00a0 4th PM &#8211; 1831 MN\/WI\u00c2\u00a0MN\u00c2\u00a0St Louis<\/p>\n<p>After finding this information, I ordered the entire Land Entry File from the <a title=\"National Archives\" href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/research\/land\">National Archives<\/a> .\u00a0 I had to first order the form to request the Land Entry File, and when the form arrived a few days later, I filled out the form and sent it in with the appropriate fee .\u00a0 The Land Entry File arrived a few weeks later. The file contained thirteen documents, the first three of which were issued in 1877: the <a href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Homestead-1877.pdf\">Application, Affidavit, and Receipt<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6689\" style=\"width: 398px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Homestead-Application-770612.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6689\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6689 \" title=\"Homestead Application of Antoni Tarnowski\" src=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Homestead-Application-770612.jpg\" alt=\"Tarnowski Homestead Application\" width=\"388\" height=\"425\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6689\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homestead Application of Antoni Tarnowski<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The <strong>Application<\/strong> (Number 1896) was filed on June 12, 1877 at the Land Office in Duluth, Minnesota, showing that the location of\u00c2\u00a0Antoni&#8217;s 165.45 acres was the S1\/2 of the SE 1\/4 and Lots 3 &amp; 4 of Section 17 in Township 52N of Range 14W.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6691\" style=\"width: 413px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Homestead-Affidavit-770612.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6691\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6691 \" title=\"Homestead Affidavit of Antoni Tarnowski\" src=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Homestead-Affidavit-770612.jpg\" alt=\"The Homestead Affidavit of Antoni Tarnowski\" width=\"403\" height=\"456\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6691\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homestead Affidavit of Antoni Tarnowski<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The <strong>Affidavit<\/strong> was made on June 12, 1877 at the Land Office in Duluth, Minnesota, and in it Antoni states that he had declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, that he was married, and that he was over the age of 21 years.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6693\" style=\"width: 399px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Homestead-Dup-Receipt-770612.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6693\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6693 \" title=\"Homestead Receipt of Antoni Tarnowski\" src=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2006\/06\/Homestead-Dup-Receipt-770612.jpg\" alt=\"Homestead Receipt for Antoni Tarnowski\" width=\"389\" height=\"466\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-6693\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Homestead Receipt of Antoni Tarnowski<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The <strong>Receipt<\/strong> shows that Antoni paid $14.00 to file the Application and the Affidavit under the Homestead Act, which included a filing fee to claim the land temporarily and a commission for the land agent.<\/p>\n<p>Tomorrow: <a title=\"Antoni proves his claim\" href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/206\" target=\"_self\">Antoni proves his claim<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">See also:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><a title=\"Antoni Proves His Claim\" href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/206\" target=\"_self\">Antoni Proves His Claim<\/a><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><a title=\"Antoni's Homestead Claim Approved\" href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/226\" target=\"_self\">Antoni&#8217;s Homestead Claim Approved<\/a><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Copyright \u00a9 2006 by Stephen J. Danko<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A while ago, a friend asked me if I would look for the immigration records of his ancestor, Antoni Tarnowski.  He knew a few details about Antoni, including the fact that he homesteaded in Minnesota. <a href=\"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/202\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[141],"tags":[213],"class_list":["post-202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarnowski","tag-minnesota"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pyBfX-3g","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=202"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20531,"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions\/20531"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephendanko.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}